Canola oil has practically taken over as the food processing industry’s oil of choice. Whether it’s mayonnaise, chips, or salad dressings, canola oil is usually the first, second, or third ingredient on the list. Unfortunately, the health dangers of canola oil are far beyond what we’ve been led to believe.
So if there aren’t any actual health reasons to use it, why would it be so widely used throughout the food industry? As with most reasons certain ingredients are used over others – the price. Canola oil is extremely inexpensive to grow and harvest. It is also very easy to grow, due to its genetic modifications and the fact that insects won’t go near it.
Canola oil was first created in the early 1970s as natural oil. But in 1995, Monsanto created a genetically modified version of canola oil. By 2009, over 90 percent of the Canadian canola oil crop was genetically engineered (1).
What is Canola Oil?
Canola oil comes from a descendant of the rapeseed plant, a member of the Brassica genus, along with some of our favorite vegetables like kale, broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage. Rapeseed oil was put on the market for human consumption in the 1950s, but not many people wanted to consume it due to its strong flavor and off-putting color.
Scientists at the time began to discover that erucic acid, one of the major fatty acid components of the oil (over 50%), was damaging to heart tissue. Meanwhile, olive oil started being marketed as the next big thing in health. So what did marketers do for rapeseed oil? Give it a makeover of course! After some selective breeding and careful marketing, rapeseed oil was now low in erucic acid, high in oleic acid (just like heart-healthy olive oil), high in omega-3 fats, and also neutral tasting. The name rapeseed was replaced with canola (the term can from Canada and ola for oil) (2).
While canola oil has been marketed as a health-food oil, low in saturated fats, and a source of omega-3 fatty acids, it is very far from that. Canola oil is not only genetically modified, but it is highly processed and refined, both of which contribute to major health problems in the body.
8 Health Dangers of Canola Oil
Canola oil isn’t the healthy oil you’ve been led to believe. There are so many dangers of canola oil, that anyone in their right mind would stay away from it. Here are just a few reasons why canola oil should never set foot in your home again.
1. Canola Oil is Hydrogenated Oil
If they’re not “cold-pressed” or “extra-virgin,” the oil is considered refined. This process includes caustic refining, bleaching, and degumming – all of which involve high temperatures or chemicals that are damaging to the human body. Last but not least comes the deodorization process. Because canola oil is high in omega-3 fatty acids, it becomes easily rancid and foul-smelling when subjected to oxygen and high temperatures. The standard deodorization process removes a large portion of the omega-3 fatty acids by turning them into trans-fatty acids (3).
If you’re consuming any vegetable oils that are oxidized from heat and light in processing, you are also exposing your body tissues to oxidized or rancid products. This contributes to degenerative diseases and chronic inflammation.
2. Genetically Modified Product
Almost all canola oil is produced from genetically modified crops. More than 90% of all canola oil is produced from genetically engineered crops. While genetic modification was successful at lowering the erucic acid content, it also increased the amount of oleic acid.
Health concerns linked to oleic acid include:
– Retarded growth (banned in infant formulas)
– Abnormalities in blood platelets
– Damage from free radicals
– Increased risk of developing certain cancer types
Genetically engineered foods also pose some very serious health concerns like allergic reactions, immunosuppression, toxicity, and loss of nutrition through the foods we eat (4).
3. Increased Risk of Developing Cancer
Canola oil is extremely unstable under heat, light, and pressure, which causes oxidation and releases free radicals inside the body. When canola oil is heated (aka. when we cook with it), it produces high levels of butadiene, benzene, acrolein, formaldehyde, and other nasty compounds. These chemical compounds, combined with increased free radicals create the perfect environment for cancer growth.
Researchers have found that cancer cells feed on the oleic acid in canola oil. The acid causes the cancer cells to become stronger and maintain malignancy (5). Additional research has also shown that oleic acid promotes tumour progressions (6).
With the amount of free radicals released in canola oil after cooking, it’s no wonder this oil is a trigger for cancer growth. Free radicals are highly reactive chemicals that play a major role in cancerous cell mutation (7).
4. Contributes To Heart Disease
While genetic modification has lowered erucic acid levels in canola oil, it is still a major source of the acid. Erucic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that has been linked with heart damage, specifically Keshan disease (a thickening and scarring of connective tissue within the heart). Studies have shown that in areas where people are prone to Keshan, erucic acid levels are higher, and selenium levels are lower (8).
Canola oil is also capable of promoting high levels of inflammation in the body, as well as arterial calcification. Any oil that is partially hydrogenated has the capability to do so. As you might have guessed, systemic inflammation and calcification are major risk factors for coronary heart disease (9).
5. Interferes with Healthy Brain Function
A new study out of the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University and published in the journal Scientific Reports has linked canola oil with a decrease in memory and learning indicative of Alzheimer’s disease – the most common form of dementia (10). The study found that the brains of canola-oil treated mice had higher amounts of amyloid plaques as well as diminished contact between brain neurons.
Canola oil, being an inflammatory food, contributes to poor brain function. Chronic inflammation, as you might already know, is detrimental to the body. It attacks healthy cells, blood vessels and tissues instead of protecting them. It can shut down energy production in brain cells and slow down the firing of neurons, contributing to ADHD, anxiety, brain fog, depression, memory loss and Alzheimer’s (11).
6. Hypertension and Strokes
As a major contributor to inflammation in the body, canola oil takes a toll on our cardiovascular system – particularly blood pressure. Studies have found that canola oil shortens the life span of stroke-prone and hypertensive animal subjects.
One study explored the relationship between rats fed canola oil and rats fed non-canola oil diets. The catch? All rats were bred to have high blood pressure and proneness to stroke. Rats who were fed canola oil died sooner, and rats fed the non-canola oil-based diets lived longer (12).
Another study published in Toxicology Letters looked at the effects of canola and soybean oil on blood coagulation time and erythrocytes (type of red blood cell) in stroke-prone hypertensive rats. The study found that there was a “canola oil-induced shortening of blood coagulation time and increased fragility in [red blood cell membranes],” which may trigger strokes in animal subjects who are stroke-prone (13).
7. Compromises Our Detox Organs
Being a genetically modified food product, canola oil takes a toll on our liver and kidneys.
A 2011 review of 19 different studies that involved mammals being fed genetically modified soy and corn for a period of 90 days, found that GMO foods can disrupt kidney and liver function. The review, published in Environmental Sciences Europe, stated that in the trials mentioned, kidney function was reduced by 43.5%, while liver function was reduced by 30.8%.
Vegetable oils also lack oxidative stability, so they quickly turn rancid if left untreated. Food manufacturers found their way around this problem by adding synthetic antioxidants like TBHQ, BHA and BHT. When consumed in large doses, these preservatives can cause liver tumours, as well as liver enlargement (15, 16).
While the preservatives in canola oil are not enough to cause adverse effects, the accumulation of such products is enough. We can easily surpass acceptable preservative limits if our diet subsists of lots of processed foots. The amounts build up over time, and as a result, our health suffers.
If you want your detox organs to work properly, avoid canola oil, processed foods with added vegetable oils, and other GM products.
8. May Hamper Normal Growth in Children
Erucic acid in canola oil was the main reason canola oil was banned from use in infant formula. The erucic acid in canola oil is harmful to infants, due to an inability to properly break it down. While the FDA previously made canola oil illegal for use in baby formula, that isn’t the case anymore. As of a few years ago, canola oil made it to the generally recognized as safe list (17), meaning that infant formula companies can use all the canola oil they want in their formula.
Best Oils to Substitute for Canola Oil
So which oils can you use? It depends on what you’re using it for!
1. Coconut Oil
Coconut oil is best when it is cold-pressed and virgin. Try your best to avoid refined coconut oil. Coconut oil has a high heat threshold, meaning it doesn’t turn into trans-fatty acids when heated. Coconut oil contains medium-chain fatty acids, too, which support a healthy nervous system, and also encourage fat loss.
2. Olive Oil
While I would never personally cook with olive oil (due to its delicate nature), it makes a great non-cooking option. Look for an organic extra-virgin or cold-pressed olive oil that’s available in dark-colored glass. Some fake olive oils are mixed with cheaper, GMO vegetable oils, so always make sure it is GMO-free and organic.
3. Avocado Oil
Avocado oil has a high smoke point like coconut oil, so it can safely be cooked with at high temperatures. Alternatively, you can also use this oil in its raw form on salads and the like.
4. Sesame Oil
Sesame oil is another great option to cook with. It has a high melting point and isn’t hybridized like canola and other vegetable oils. Sesame oil works great in stir-frys and makes a great salad dressing with coconut aminos and some ginger!
Susan Johnson says
This is so frustrating!! Who can the consumer beieve regarding healthy food options? I have 2 children and my husband that have severe cardiomyopathy, for years Canola oil has been touted as the BEST oil for our bodies…now this author is saying it’s the worst?? Who does the consumer believe? Im not a scientist or doctor, just a mom trying to make healthy food choices for my family!
Carly Fraser says
I agree it can be frustrating, but canola oil is highly inflammatory as a result of years of hybridization. These are just the facts. Canola is a GM food.
Elreen Olson says
You can buy non-gmo canola oil in health food stores and from Azure Standard.
Habiba says
What about groundnut oil .as in peanut
Carly Fraser says
I don’t recommend peanut oil as it contains high levels of aflatoxins.
Julie says
I’m concerned with the lack of link to real studies… all links provided are for facts not directly related to your claim about Canola. I personally go out of my way to get non GMO canola… I would love to have access to the studies proving those claims, thank you.
Carly Fraser says
All of my sources are labelled as numbers in brackets. And yes, they link to real, actual studies.
Don Koenigs says
What about peanut oil. Any benefits?
Carly Fraser says
I don’t recommend peanut oil as it contains high levels of aflatoxins.
Becky says
What would you recommend to use for frying french fries?
Carly Fraser says
Avocado oil is great, but coconut oil is cheaper, and would probably even taste better!
Suzanne says
What about corn oil, no one’s asked about that. Is that safe?
Carly Fraser says
Likely not – corn oil is a major GM food, and has been hybridized for years. Bad for your health for other reasons. Unless organic and non-GMO, likely loaded with glyphosate.
Jennifer says
What about grape seed oil
Carly Fraser says
It’s better than canola.